Ten Commandments, 7: Do Not Commit Adultery 第七誡：不可姦淫

Question: what is adultery?
Silly answer: Something that adults do
表面上 adultery 似乎與 adult（成人）相關。

Actually, adultery is related to adulterate: to add something to food or drink to make it less pure. Adultery is similar: adding an outside person to a marriage, this making it less pure, a violation of the 7th Commandment.
事實上 adultery 和 adulterate（摻雜使品質變劣）有點類似：加入第三者使婚姻變得脆弱。

Ten Commandments, 8: Do Not Steal 第八誡：不可偷盜

The meaning of this commandment may seem quite obvious, but Dennis Prager helps us think a little deeper about what it really means. Does "stealing" only refer to money? Expensive things? What would happen if everybody really obeyed this commandment?
『不可以偷東西？還用你跟我說！』 這是很多人的自然反應，但事實上所謂的『偷』不一定指財產。猶太人心目中的『偷』包括『八卦』。

Ten Commandments, 9: Do Not Bear False Witness 第九誡：不可作假見證

In a court of law, a witness is someone who speaks about a crime (from personal knowledge or to provide background). “Bearing false witness” means saying things which are not true, but not only in a court of law.

Ten Commandments, 10: Do Not Covet 第十誡：不可貪戀

Dennis Prager explains that the commandment against coveting is very different from the other commandments. Commandments One to Nine are about things that people should do or not do, but the Tenth Commandment is about something that people think.
第十誡與前九誡有很大的差別：前面幾誡與行為有關，而第十誡規定的是思想。

SpeedDial: How To Install It

[Updated June 4, 2016]

SpeedDial is a wonderful way to create sets of visual bookmarks. Instead of using browser-supplied bookmarks, you can roll your own SpeedDial entries: vary the size, position and image (use your own screenshots or graphics). You can also create your own groups.
[roll your own = DIY]

These are some of my Language Study bookmarks.

To install SpeedDials on your own computer, you should:


(1) Install a good browser, either Firefox or Pale Moon (a smaller, faster version of Firefox). If you enjoy letting the NSA watch you, you can probably also use Google Chrome or use a Chromebook. I recommend Pale Moon for its speed and stability (but recent updates have been less than ideal: YMMV).

(2) After you have installed either Pale Moon or Firefox, go to Mozilla to install two add-ons: SpeedDial and Eversync. After installing add-ons, you usually need to restart your browser.

(3) After restarting your browser, click on the small triangle to the right of the SpeedDial icon:

(4) From the SpeedDial menu choose Global Options:

Paragraph Structure: The Hidden Costs of Cheap Meat 廉價肉類的隱藏代價（作文結構）

The Hidden Costs of Cheap Meat

{1} Meat produced by factory farming seems much cheaper than meat from traditional farms, but in the long run, are we really saving so much money? Let’s look at the hidden costs. {2-5} Factory farm animals are very crowded: artificial hormones make them grow faster and antibiotics are used to keep them healthy. Tons of farm waste pollute the water and the air, thereby sickening farm workers and people living nearby. What’s more, the water from these farms makes germs very strong, so many antibiotics have already stopped working. Incurable diseases are a heavy price to pay for cheap meat. {6-8} To further increase their profits, some farm companies feed parts of dead animals to the live ones. Sooner or later, crowding causes health problems. These bad conditions can lead to strange new kinds of sickness such as mad cow disease, H5N1 and other kinds of bird flu. {9-10} Nowadays, meat is certainly less expensive than it was 100 years ago, but  is a high price to pay. Viewed in this light, was meat from traditional farms really so expensive?

Some longer words above can be cut up into short, easy-to-understand parts:

antibiotic	ANTI	BIO	TIC	抗生素
	against	life	[NOUN]
artificial	ART	FIC	IAL	人工
	skill	make	[ADJ]
incurable	IN	CURE	ABLE	不可醫治
	not	make sickness OK	CAN
sicken	SICK	EN		使生病
	sick	make	~ darken, thicken …

Florida Chicken House (Public Domain Image)

Notice how this short persuasive composition begins and ends with questions to make the reader think. Sentence 1, the topic sentence, introduces the idea that "cheap" meat is not really cheap. Sentences 2-8 provide examples of hidden health costs, and the composition finishes by concluding that poor health makes "cheap" meat seem expensive. Perhaps the old ways were better.

Look below to see other ways that the writer makes different parts of this composition fit together:

Paragraph Structure (Old MacDonald VS Factory Farms)

Write a short paragraph to explain which is better: Traditional farms or Factory farms? This short video (a review of the ideas in The Meatrix) can give you some ideas:


The Old MacDonalds and the Factory Farm from WSPA Canada on Vimeo.

Paragraphs in English usually have three parts:

(1) A topic sentence. This explains what you want to talk about.

(2) Supporting sentences. These sentences give examples or proof. Try to make sure the sentences fit together and help each other.

(3) A closing sentence. This sentence repeats the ideas of the topic sentence, but uses different words.

Here is an example of a paragraph about Canada (adapted from http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Formal_Paragraph_Writing, CC--BY-SA Wikibooks):

There are three reasons why Canada is a great country. First of all, Canada has an excellent health care system. Every Canadian can receive quality medical care for a low price. Secondly, Canada is a good place to earn a living. Jobs are easy to find, and people are paid well for their work. Finally, Canada has an excellent system of education. Students are encouraged to learn and continue studying at university. As a result, Canada is a highly desirable place to live.

A paragraph explaining why Canada is a great country (CC--BY-SA Wikibooks)

Notice how the writer uses a number ("three") and three adverbs/adverbial phrases ("first of all, secondly, finally") to link the topic sentence with each of the supporting sentences. The closing sentence uses the phrase "as a result" to link all three supporting sentences with the topic sentence:

Remember to take notes when you watch The Meatrix and the Old MacDonalds video you see above. At least six problems are mentioned:

#	Problem	Description
1	Animal cruelty	The farm companies don’t treat the animals kindly
2	Antibiotic resistant germs	The water from these farms makes germs too strong, so some medicines don't work anymore
3	massive pollution	The air and water from these farms makes the neighbors sick
4	destroyed communities	Rich companies buy off lawmakers and put small farmers out of business
5	Artificial hormones	These man-made hormones stay in the meat and make people sick
6	Mad cow disease	To increase their profits, some farm companies feed dead animals to live animals. This could also make people sick.

Procedure:
Write all three sections BY HAND (don't use a computer). Make at least three drafts of your composition on 26-hole looseleaf notebook paper (standard B5 paper). Number each draft #1, #2 and #3.

(1) The first time, don't worry about vocabulary, grammar or spelling. Write as fast as you can, and don't stop to check a dictionary. When you finish, you will see probably see a mess: draft #1. Don't worry! Even professional writers work like this.

(2) Clean up the mistakes and missing words in your first draft. You now have your draft #2. Show it to a classmate or a friend. Ask that person to comment on the ideas and the organization. Is the main idea of the composition clear? Do the different parts (topic sentence, support, closing) seem to help each other?

(3) Use your friend's suggestions to make a cleaned-up version. This is your draft #3. Keep all three drafts to show your teacher.

(4) Use the PC (http://www.gingersoftware.com/grammarcheck) or Android version of Ginger (http://www.gingersoftware.com/android-keyboard-page) to check your grammar and spelling. Upload the final cleaned-up version section by section to the Composition web form: http://tinyurl.com/CUTe-Composition

Better Farming Methods
Young people can make a difference. Growing food using sustainable methods is personally rewarding and very important for society. Something to think about!